The Effects of Reading Skills on Elementary School Students With Research Proposal

The Effects of Reading Skills on Elementary School Students With Program outgrowth - Research Proposal ExampleThis essay stresses that disorders in tuition skills are a common occupation for students, peculiar(prenominal)ally because of the curricula that are evaluate to continue to be used by teachers. The persistence of the problem is coupled to psychological, behavioral, emotional and developmental associations, making it difficult for students to increase their skills. The teacher responses are also often particular because of expectations with meeting specific standards, pressures associated with the classroom format and links to the expectations with the curricula that are used. The examination of disorders that are specific to education skills is one which holds specific attributes. This paper makes a conclusion that Tte problem which is associated with discipline skills and disorders is based on the perturbation from teachers and administrators with meeting the need of children. Currently, policies and standards have been put into place that is based on the needs and development of those concerned in creating reading skills. This is combined with the need to have more resources and tools for teachers while finding ways to fit the gaps with students who are suffering from reading disorders. The lack of information available, difficulties with those who are working with the policies and the associations that are created from the development which is anticipate is the main way in which the problem arises with those who are suffering from disabilities with reading. ... This is furthered with the diverse needs which are associated with encyclopaedism disabilities. This particular study will look at the gaps as well as opportunities that are associated with specific reading disabilities among students. With this study, teachers will be able to develop more opportunities for students to have capacities to learn to read, even with cultivation disor ders. Definition of Terms Reading Disorder Difficulty in reading based on neurological alterations in the mind. Dyslexia Decoding of words which is not created in order. Developmental impairments Psychological factors which link directly to the reading abilities of students, such as ADD or ADHD. Literature Review The examination of disorders that are specific to reading skills is one which holds specific attributes. General learning disorders are now divided according to ways in which individuals react and the associations which are created toward the disorders. When looking at the standards and expectations, it is noted that there are common reading disorders that some(prenominal) children are now focused on. This relates to cognitive and psychological dysfunctions that hinder the learning process. The problem with the disorders furthers with the teacher and administrative standards and expectations as well as the inability to continue to change the curriculum because of these sta ndards. This is furthered with the classification differences for the learning disorders and the expected intervention programs which often dont have the correct link to solving the disorders. Developing the undeniable alterations with the learning disorders and understanding how this is continuing to develop creates a firm basis to finding improved solutions to aid

Leadership in me Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

lead in me - Essay ExampleA good leader develops through a continuous process of education, self-studying, training, as well as experience. leading ardours vary, and that is why it is necessary for a person to understand and be intimate their leadership style, and how their specific leadership affects their workplace.Leadership is influenced by various factors, and that is why it is vital to know how as well as why your style of leadership is what it is. There are numerous contributors involved when dealing with development of leadership styles within a person. According to Myers Brigg (MBTI- Myers Briggs Type Indicator), my leadership style of which is ESFP (extraverted, sensing, feeling, perceiving) is considered to be that of a personality type of which is one of the 16 types of personalities. People who keep up ESFP type personalities are frequently described as outgoing, spontaneous, and resourceful (Lester, 1975).ESFP has its characteristics, and the MBTI has four of impo rt areas in which it looks at optences of personality, namely (1) introversion versus extroversion, (2) feeling versus thinking (3) intuition versus sensing, and lastly perception versus judgment. ESFPs have a tendency of being very resourceful and practical. They prefer hands-on learning experiences and tend to scorn learning from books as well as discussions based on the theory. When problem solving, they put their trust in instincts and personal abilities to solve solutions. Although they are quite reasonable as well as pragmatic, they hate structure, planning, and order. Instead, they prefer to act spontaneously, and spend less time formulating plans or schedules.ESFPs as extraverts like spending time with flock and have great interpersonal skills. They are great at understanding peoples feelings and know how to respond their emotions differently (University of Saskatchewan, 2014 p. 1-2). Therefore, we can say that, ESFPs make incredible leaders and know how to mobilize, pers uade,

David Bowie and Performativity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

David Bowie and Performativity - Research Paper ExampleThis paper aims to analyze a vocal by David Bowie using Butlers theory of sexual example performance. The essay aims at developing an argument referring to David Bowies poem titled Rebel, Rebel from his album Diamond Dogs. The argument is going to be ground on how the vocal represents sexual activity, gender and identity. It is also going to analyze how Bowie ch wholeenges narratives of authentic identity. Bowies ways of troubling gender and sexuality as stable, readable, and expressive categories are also going to be addressed. According to Butler, gender is not based on a stable identity that an identity that is constitutively created through with(predicate) with(predicate) time and molded through repetition (Leonard 134). This repetition of deeds has a set of meanings that are already effected in society. sexuality reality is a product of performativity, which means that its degree of realness is measured by the e xtent of the performance. In this context, some acts are interpreted as an expression of gender identity. These acts can either conform to the anticipate cultural norms or contradict these norms. The song Rebel, Rebel by David Bowie is about a boy who went against his farms wishes and started wearing girls clothes and make up. Additionally, in the same album, there is a song titled Walk on the Wild Side about a transvestite. ... In all the live stage performances of this song, Bowie is dressed in outrageous feminine clothes. This aspect of staging artistic shows where the established distinction between genders was overlooked led to the emergence of Glam. Glam is a controversial stage performance and debut of artistry that incorporates gender-bending techniques (Leonard 150). It also included the depiction of drag queens and personalities in different levels of conveying the primal undertones in their performances. Bowie appearing in drag as Ziggy Stardust portrays this in the s ong. The song Rebel, Rebel conveys the notion that gender is not a static phenomenon as exhibited by the glam and drag modes of staging live artistic shows. The song tries to establish the fact that gender is a state that is achieved through change in behavioral mannerisms sooner than a static set inbuilt qualities. According to Judith Butler, gender is an achievable state that is acquired through practice and repetition. Unlike common belief that a person is born into a specified and predetermined gender dictated by their biological sex, gender is perceived as a cultural dictate. This means that at one point in time, the human society decided to assign status to people. There was no other better way to do this than create a distinction between male and womanish roles. This spawned what is today referred to as gender. The society then designed roles that were assigned specific acts or behavior patterns that acted as a measure of gender. The song by Bowie seeks to depict gender as s omething that is not tangible but an idea that is held by people. Through repetition, as described by Butler, the notion of gender is realised through performativity. This is in the

Analysis Of The Film Farewell My Concubine Essay

Analysis Of The Film leave of absence My concubine - Essay ExampleThe fritter starts by illustrating how twain men, Xiaolou and Dieyi started their professional careers in Peking Opera. The two men used to bring about as in mascu seam and distaff roles. Xiahous appeared as a man on stage piece of music Dieyi as the woman. The flashback in the film from the stage performance to the Warlords era reflects how the two men met and spent the hardships of the date together (Metalluk 2004, IMDb 2011). This melodramatic film portrays the shaping of gender individualism under the barriers imposed by the destination and traditions. Many writers and commentators have commented their point of view on the identity performance and development in Farewell My Concubine however, they failed to comment on the cross- heathen impact and attraction of the film (Cheshire 1992, Tiessier 1993). Moreover, the writers have focused to the anecdotal extent only while explaining the differences related culture, society and sex. Farewell My Concubine has a significant cultural identity attached to it. The story of the film covers the Chinese era from 1927 to 1977, which is a combination of warlords domination era, encroaching(a) of Japanese Empire and the revolution in China in terms of culture. The film promotes and develops a grouchy cultural identity (Bergeson 1997). Apart from this, the film also presents a special kind of masculine have got which is presented as a male-dominated by extreme feminine characteristics. This identity is presented in the role played by Leslie Cheung as Dieyi which is the main character of the film Concubine. Along with a depressing story of homosexual marrow related to identities of masculinity and womanhood, the film also presents a tensed situation with respect to the feminine desires as expressed by Dieyi. The film portrays an interesting and complex masculine identity which offers its viewers to observe the differentiating line between mas culinity and femininity. Chinese cultural norms do not allow females to take part in Opera and henceforth, Dieyi being a man is forced to play the role of a woman on with Xiaolou. This role cum gender conflict is resolved as Dieyi decides to submit his wills and wishes for what is being demanded of him. After adopting the feminine gender on stage, Dieyi finds that he no more wants his masculinity back and learns to admit that I am by nature a girl. Performing along with his counterpart Xiaolou, the friendship relationship between the two turns into a romantic relationship in which Dieyi is seen to be more involved (Bergeson 1997, Metalluk 2004). Concubines identity performance is a fascinating seducing role apart from the original character of Dieyi. After Dieyi, the other Concubine which is revealed is in the form of Xiao Si, who is Dieyis son. The way in which the film presents femininity through the mask of femininity, allows the emotions of the characters to go beyond their res pective roles. The mask of femininity is in fact presented as incarnating the sexual desire. beyond the construction of femininity on the social frame of reference, the films masking technique displays how femininity is desired more when it is subject to an artificial image.

A factor that effect normal speech development Essay

A factor that effect ruler actors line development - Essay ExampleAt 2 years of age, the child is able to utter 2- develop phrases. By 3 years, the child is able to form sentences, uses plurals and past tense, nates make sentences with 3 to 5 words and 90% of the talk is understood by strangers. At 4 years of age, the child abide make sentences with 6 words, can converse and tell stories. At 5 years of age, the child can make sentences with 6- 8 words, can name 4 colors and can count ten pennies the right way (Schwartz, 1990 qtd. in Leung & Kao, 1999). Delay in the development of linguistic communication is a major concern to both parents and pediatricians. linguistic communication delay can occur with or without delay in other milestones. A child is considered to take on delay in the development of speech when the speech milestone attained is significantly lower than that which is normal for that age. It is important to identify, investigate and institute appropriate interv ention in speech delay because this can view significant impact on the social, academic, personal and vocational life of the individual.There are many causes for slow down development of speech. The most common cause of speech delay is mental retardation. Infact, it accounts for more than 50% cases of speech delay (Leung & Kao, 1999). Most often, speech delay occurs due to inadequate stimulation of the child. An older dominating sibling may steal all the attention of the elders of the house. Various hereditary factors can affect speech development. slow up speech in parents can result in delayed speech in the offspring also. galore(postnominal) genetic diseases which lead to global developmental delay or mental retardation can chip in to delayed speech. Exposure to many languages at a time or frequent changes in the childs environs can contribute to delayed speech. Chronic ear infections, effusions and impacted wax can lead to earreach debility and hence delayed speech. Inta ct hearing is vital to speech and language development in the first few years of life.

Organisations and behaviour Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Organisations and behaviour - Coursework ExampleIf managers are able to understand how different culture and structure can influence the carrying out of the system of rules, they will be able to manipulate their organizations performance through varying structure and culture of their institutions.Organizations can be delineate as collection of individuals with an aim of achieving a common target (Flamholtz & Randle 2011, p.51). Therefore, every organization has a precise arrangement that determines the levels and flow of powers. This determines who is in charge of the others and also stipulates individuals status in the organization. The arrangement is determined by the functions individuals perform according to the area of their occupation. Individuals carry out the same task in the organization from magazine to time hence increases their work efficiency. This reduces the time of performing their duties hence saving cost of operation in the organization.Culture refers to the pr actices, standards and conducts that every individual member in an organization has to adhere to during their normal discharge of duties (Flamholtz & Randle 2011, p.54). every organization has unique traditions that every member to that organization must uphold in order to be able to cope with other members and discharge their duties effectively (Fairfield-Sonn 2001, p.64). Therefore, the culture of each organization determines the conducts of the organizations employees and how the level of performance attained by the organization.Organizational structure defines the channel of flow of power within the workers in an organization (Jenks 2004). This streamline the flow of information within the organization as it moves from a specific source to the stay on of the members.Organization structure affects individuals within an organization while organization culture may have a uniform impact on the organization (Jenks 2004). This is because structure

E-cigaretee Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

E-cigaretee - Research Paper practice sessionThe take cessation sedulousness is led by the USA in terms of the merchandise size, which is the followed by UK, Germany and then Russia. However, almost in all the developed countries and even in many other countries globally, the corporation cessation diligence has been growing rapidly. While the most known method for service in smoking cessation traditionally has been nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), new methods products are now rising, which targets the smoking cessation industry (Wikinvest, n.p.).The market is discussion sectioned into two broad categories of the cessation therapy consumer segment and the smoking cessation products/pills consumers segment. The therapy market segment consumer segment constitutes the consumers who are seeking the services of medical professionals to assist them in the cessation of their smoking habits, with such consumers having doorway to 17 different smoking cessation therapies, but one of the therapies, the nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), remains the most predominate therapy that many smokers are seeking (Wikinvest, n.p.). The smoking cessation products/pills consumers segment comprises of the consumer segment that is purchasing the products manufactured by the smoking cessation industry, such as the smoking cessation pills, which are widely applied towards helping the smokers quit their habits. The use of the smoking cessation pills is highly adopted in the UK markets, with the product generating 720m in gross in the year 2011 alone (Steele, n.p.).The smoking cessation industry is relatively small in size, considering that it is an industry that is relatively new in the market, and its products are yet to be known very well. However, the industry is gathered to grow in the near future to a substantial market. While the current market piece of the smoking cessation industry is estimated at between 3 and 4% of the overall, the growth rate of the industry is

How successful is the EU in providing a regional response to the Essay

How successful is the EU in providing a regional response to the problems arising from globalisation - Essay Examplee the United States, Canada and Mexico share NAFTA, the North American Free-Trade Agreement, much of Western, Central, and now Eastern Europe subscribes to the tenants of economic and political integration through what is arguably cardinal of the most potent trans provinceal organizations in the world, the European Union. The EU today has more than two xii members and is in the process of further expansion. Will Turkey one day join the European nation of families? Will Serbia, the largest state of the former Yugoslavia, regain the favor of Western Europe and one day travel a full-fledged member of the European Union? To what extent has the European Union been successful in providing a regional response to the problems arising from globalization? Globalisation has provided increased political pressures for the EU to expand and this arguably is the major challenge that it has faced over the past 20 years (Fierke & Wiener, 1999, 44-46). Seeking to analyse the EUs pressures to expand in a globalised world, the following aims to address how the EU has responded in a holistic fashion to expansion in an era globalisation.Created following the tumultuous events of the Second World War, the European economical Community was an important precursor for the establishment of the European Union. Accordingly, the European Union is an international organization which is estimated to establish 30% of the worlds total Gross Domestic Product (Almond et al, 2002, 100). As an economic powerhouse with significant height on the global stage, the European Union is presently in the process of increasing its membership and aims for next total European integration in the political, judicial, economic and social spheres (Almond et al, 2002, 101). The evolution of the European Union has occurred in tandem with the globalisation of the world community and the EU has fund amentally changed in composition since its inception. Accordingly, since the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, the EU has

Should women be allowed in combat(arguing against the issue) Research Paper

Should women be allowed in fleck(arguing against the issue) - Research Paper ExampleThe difference between mens and womens abilities comes from the difference in organization of their bodies. For example, female pelvis is arranged in a way so that women are subject to bear children, and such an arrangement results in an off-angle of the legs making women about 10 percent slower runners than men. Also, women permit less upper-body strength than men do. Therefore, they would not be able to carry an 80-pund backpack, drag a casualty, mighty throw a grenade etc. Women are more(prenominal) easily injured compared to men because they have weaker heft structure (Tips). In fact, in accordance with the research conducted within the British army, only 1 in 100 female soldiers had enough physical strength to function in military units (Browne). Overall, women are very the weaker sex and should not be allowed in the frontline combat roles.Secondly, women should not be allowed in combat b ecause of the peculiarities of combat environment (Simons). Placing a scarce resource, such as women, in combat units comprised mostly of men may result in the creation of competition between the latter, and this may lead to conflicts within the unit. In addition, it is apparent that when young women and men work together for extended periods of time, couples form. At a certain point, their interaction stick out make lives of other soldiers uncomfortable. In this case, it is also important not to forget about pregnancy, which makes women be uneffective to discharge their duties.Finally, allowing women in combat is anti-survival of any society (Tips). The matter is that women play more important role in repopulation of the society. This does not mean that chars role is to give birth to children only. It means that womans role in giving birth is more important. Compared to men that can father several(prenominal) children during a year, women can give birth only to one (or two or three in case twins or triplets are born). Womans health, commitment and time are more essential to the

Reducing Oil Consumption Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

bring down Oil Consumption - Essay Example art object much effort has been directed towards this cause, it is imperative to communication channel that the challenge is still eminent and this calls for withal greater effort considering that the unite States is the largest consumer of anoint colour in the globe (Butts, 58). Higher taxes One economically efficient way of reducing oil consumption across the United States is to increases the tax on oil products. Indeed, there are always many opportunities for oil conservation by the worldly concern such as reducing mileage. However, many state do non care to fare such strategies since they can easily afford the oil. This strategy will help in reducing industrial consumption of oil and forcing people to be more economical with oil. Higher taxes would translate into higher prices for the oil and people would therefore strive to limit their consumption of oil as much as possible. This would even call for the use of oil alternative s in situations where it is possible. Efficient Transportation Transportation is one sector that consumes a great amount of oil in the United States. Considering that many people drive their own cars, it is anticipate that oil consumption is indeed high. Unlike Europe, the public shipping system in the United States is not well developed. Many people own cars and this greatly increases gasoline consumption in the demesne. In this regard, the public transportation system should be redesigned effectively. High-speed trains are an effective ways of reducing the use of gasoline in the country. These trains are powered by electricity and travel and very fast speeds. In the like way, the development of hybrid cars should be fast-tracked. Cars that use electric propulsion should be developed and mass produced. In this case, much of the road and air transport would be substituted by high-speed rails. These trends can further be used in freight transportation and this would greatly reduc e the consumption of oil in the country (Woodside, 98). Oil Alternatives There has been much ongoing research on the use of biofuels as an option to the rasping oil. Indeed, biofuels have been successful in countries like Brazil which placed much focus on its production. Considering that the transportation sector is a very large consumer of oil, biofuels would come in handy as an option to oil. The major challenge in this respect is the fact that vehicles that use biofuels are still few in the country. It is estimated that a combined use of biofuels and electricity in internal combustion engines can reduce the importation of oil by more than half. In the same way, other forms of renewable button like solar and jumper cable have not fully been exploited in the United States. The installation of more windmills and solar panels would stomach much power that would reduce the demand for oil. The focus of these programs is therefore to provide cheaper energy options and educate the p eople on the need to use these options as opposed to oil (Woodside, 78). Research on renewable energy sources should be the major concern for policy makers as they would facilitate the reduction of oil consumption. Recycling While it might not seem much obvious, recycling is an important way of reducing the consumption o

Exacavation Report Tel Dan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Exacavation comprehend Tel Dan - Essay ExampleThe first mention of Dan is in Genesis, 1414, when Lot was taken captive by armed men, and so Abram chased them up to Dan, a city first called Laish or Leshem. Dan-Laish was ordered in the one-fifth millennium BC. It was a prosperous city, with a sloping earth rampart and mud-brick triple-arched gate as defence, which allowed the inhabitants to life safe and secure. Biran surmised that the formidable sloping earth rampart with a gate was the one Abraham saw when he reached the city2.So much has been said of the Tel Dan mysteries that in 1966 archaeologist Avraham Biran began digging the site for its secrets. Biran stressed biblical archaeology, with the devil important disciplines, archaeological research and biblical studies, as the base for their excavations and efforts. These made a positive set on their work3.An important disc overy is the house of David inscription. This is a ninth century BCE victory statement in Aramaic langu age and inscribed on a basalt stone. The inscription is attributed to an Aramaic king Hazael of Damascus, who conquered the city of Dan nearly the 840s, decorated the inscription in a public place to indicate his power and sovereignty over the city. When the Israelites recaptured the city, they torn and broke down the inscription and reused it as construction material. Archaeologists led by Avraham Biran so uttermost discovered three fragments of the inscriptions, which they found within the walls of the outer gate4.The inscription tells us that the Aramaic king killed the kings of Israel (Joram) and Judah (Ahaziah). but this is contrary to the texts in the 2nd Book of Kings, Chapter 9, where Jehu killed Joram, king of Israel, and Ahaziah, king of Judah. These are two interesting contradictions that bring to be clarified, probably with the help of future finds at Tel Dan.The inscriptions were found in three fragments, all found in the same general area of Tel

Magnet Recognition Program for Nurses Research Paper

attracter Recognition Program for Nurses - Research Paper ExampleThere was a distinction between the two aims in the 1960s but today the role of the RN is non as distinct each level of education received the title of RN after sure-fire passing of the state boards of care for licensure test to become a practicing registered nurse (Pellico et al., 2009). Previous distinction of role included the definitions of the technical nurse and the maestro nurse. The technical nurse was in the beginning educational formulation stage and attended a 2 year community college. The professional nurse was enrolled in a four year breast feeding program at a colleges or university the distinction of roles is consistent with accreditation standards of cerebration at the time (Donley & Flaherty, 2008). The goal was to expand the nursing programs and assist the technical nurse to transition into professional convention (Donley & Flaherty, 2008 & Nelson, 2002). These attempts notwithstanding, the n eeds of the educational curriculum were still not fulfilled for the RN at both(prenominal) levels after taking the state board licensure exam receives the same title, RN. There is a keep effort for nursing to elevate the profession at a higher educational level. healthcare facilities with attractive force status help to push this process forward with the get overd excellence in nursing practice outcomes. In 1965, the American Nurses Associations First Position on Education in nursing was published to describe the need for educational reform in nursing (ANA, 1965). This argument continues today. The goal for a standardized nursing entry level of education has yet to be resolved. According to Smith (2009) the surround of nursing has evolved considerably and educational advances need to be changed.... Magnet Recognition Program for NursesWith the advent of the Magnet Recognition Program more healthcare facilities are seeking attainment of a higher level of professional nursing prac tice. The rationale for healthcare facilities in seeking Magnet Status is driven by healthcare institutions wanting to serve the communities with the highest level of care possible in the use of innovative technology and excellence in care. Bargagliotti, West-Sands, Burchum & Selbe, note that in year 1960s, most nurses were trained at a fleece level, which was a two or three year hospital based nursing program where nursing students learned the basic skills to care for patients in the hospital. In the 1960s, undergraduate programs were recognized as a way of life that nursing students should take to function at the professional level of nursing. This system was gener anyy quicker and court effective to utilize the diploma programs to produce a high functioning nurse to care for the full-size number of patients. The diploma programs were the first to be extinguished from the education framework as the profession travel into the ADN and BSN programs of study. All nurses at every level should be encouraged to go back to school and continue the path of lifelong learning in the profession of nursing. Lacey, Cox & Lorfing (2007) anticipated that the entry level for nursing will be the BSN which consists of entry level by the year 2020. This process continues and will continue until all can agree to the level and expectations of the professional entry level of the nurse.

Research Critiques Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Research Critiques - Essay ExampleQuestions asked of the students stubborn their understandings of plagiarism, the hardships they had to undergo to avoid plagiarism, and how they have learned to write without plagiarizing.iv variety two concerned the development of larn materials. The materials developed were evaluated with undergraduate psychology students, some of whom had participated in Phase one. Much like the focus groups in Phase one, the number of sessions was determined by the data.v The latter phase then incorporated the student feedback into the instauration of the encyclopaedism materials.The research design included a number of processes whereby feedback was ascertained from students and teaching staff, to ensure the pertinence and usefulness of the materials and their responsiveness to students needs.The results of the study stated in Phase one represented the students understandings of plagiarism oddly on defining plagiarism, difficulties in writing to avoid plagi arism, strategies to avoid plagiarism, and student suggestions for course improvement. The results in Phase two represented the development and evaluation of the learning materials. Based on the findings three tutorials and a tip sheet were developed. The list sheet provided students with a practical guide on the definition of plagiarism and suggestions for its avoidance when writing for this position subject, psychology.vi Information is outlined on the following six areas judgment of conviction management, note taking, critical reading, paraphrasing, referencing, and practice. The researchers finally proposed learning materials that sees a number of advantages over alternate methods of plagiarism reduction 1) The inclusion of the materials into an introductory unit is disturbance earlier than reactive 2) Providing all students with materials as a component of the course is a universal rather than selective approach vii 3) The materials can be easily adapted to alternative tea ching modes of slant such as print based external and online modes 4) The materials can be incorporated into units without changing the assessment, decreed unit outlines, and so on 5) Although the materials were developed for psychology students, the materials could be adapted to meet the needs of students in other schools and departments and 6) Once the materials have been implemented into the course, their advantages can be sustained without further staff time commitment. The researchers said the same cannot be said for the provision of additional tutorials, workshops, and programs outside of class time. Article 2Storch, J. BStorch, E. A &Clark, P. (2002, Nov/Dec). Academic dishonesty and neutralization theory A comparison of intercollegiate athletes and non-athletes. daybook of College Student Development. Retrieved February 9, 2006 from http//www.looksmartgradschools.com/p/articles/mi_qa3752/is_200211/ai_n9165977continueThe purposes of this study were (1) to examine the self- reported frequency of academic dishonesty in a sample of student

EXAM PAPER Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

EXAM PAPER - Assignment ExampleThe steps that I would take are as follows. The first step is to collect the conk cost and the subvertation information or sooner the data. institutionalise costs are the costs used in this regularity. They are the costs which are normally link up to the whole process of visiting the National Botanic Gardens directly. The costs of fuel, accommodation, food, and all other expenses that will be required in the whole process are used. It is very important to ensure that all the travel costs to the National Botanic Gardens are represented in the calculation. The next thing is the travel cartridge holder. A lot of weight should be given on this area. The appropriate apprize to assign to the travel time should be considered very carefully. It should be the wage calculate when the great unwashed do not slang the pickax to work during the weekends. The children should also be included in the travel time. Visit time is that time exhausted while at the National Botanic Gardens. The best method to use is the individual method where the visit rate is normally calculated per individual in a given time period. The factors that influence this rate are for that specific person. It does not require averaging and a lot of calculations. Some of the challenges that are involved in using this method include the presence of substitute sites. Those who prefer one site over the others have higher values compared to other people. This should be differentiated. Statistical problems might also affect the obtained results. The choice of the variables and the method used should be done very carefully to avoid this. There are also those people who live near the site so as to reduce transport costs and time during this travel. Their value is higher and this should be remark keenly. Most people also view travelling as a hobby and hence a great experience and not a huge cost. This should be noted during the calculations. Estimating the generation func tion is done using this principle Averages across the zones normally limits the figure of observations because you will unless take groups of people and then divide by the population of that zone. Working with individual counting increases the number of observations and hence a much more accurate result. Multiple regression analysis uses the following formula y = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d + ?where a, b, c, d and e are the variables used in the calculations. The environmental precaution decisions that are made under the conditions of risk are normally in situations where people or rather the carriages lack the complete information on the issue at hand. This condition is rather difficult since the manager may comprehend the alternatives and the problem at hand, he or she does not have a endorsement on how each of the solution will work out. When an unfamiliar problem comes up, haste decisions which had not been aforethought(ip) before are normally used to solve the current situation. This decision normally involves the human appraisal more than computer assistance. Since risks are normally bound to happen, putting early warning information crisis, development management crisis plans are the best ways to help avert these problems. This is the condition of risk where virtually no information is available to help know what will happen in the future and be in a position to take the necessary precautions. The managers or rather the involved parties will therefore be risking and will rely heavily on emergency decisions. In a condition of uncertainty, the

Role play Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Role play - Essay Example1. Have good analytical sense of hearing skills. This ability does play a signifi jackpott role in leadinghip, for only through listening washstand one be commensurate to gather as much teaching as possible. The modern attractions of our society that innovated the prosperity of their organizations, as well as nations, talk less and listen more. This is mainly because in listening to outsiders they can branch out of their comfort zones where e trulything is alright and learn of the emerging problems being incurred. In my leadership position, I utilize my analytical listening abilities by first surrounding myself with trustworthy individuals who can talk a lot and address problems experienced objectively. From this activity am also able to try all the information that is supplied directly to me and thus be able to analyze how best to use this information. I do not seclude myself to only listening to the positive but majorly listen to the critical informa tion to fully understand the depth of the problem and analyze how it can be sorted out.2. Ability to persevere, subscribe to with volatility as well as adapt to changes incurred. Great leaders always create a volatility plan in place in order to implement it, should a volatile placate occur. This helps to keep them on the alert and also enhance the chances of the organization dealing with volatility in an eliminate manner. In my experience volatility mainly occurs with investments and the ability to adapt to the new nature of the environment is snappy and it should be done with a remembrance of perseverance. I do this in order to be able also to support and help my employees towards enduring volatile seasons of investment. I usually do have very tight plans already drawn up to necessitate some business and changes incurred during these seasons.3. Can conduct equal to(p) networking and manage relationships. Technology has transformed the modern ways of networking in business and globally a leader should

Homeland Security Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Homeland Security care - Essay ExampleIt should not be viewed as a linear process. Why Because each degree compulsions to be reviewed based on variations of evaluation results of all components of risk management on, before, or aft(prenominal) the disaster occurs. A disaster leave alone inflict major damages when the member of the community is unsuspecting of its occurrence, and of the things that should be done. Preparedness strain involves rigorous planning. It is where countermeasures are properly knowing. It is done by an pinch police squad usually composed of selected government officials, government agencies, volunteer groups, the representative from medical groups, representatives from the private sectors such as businesses and contr procedureors, or from any interested member of the community. The emergency team is organise during this phase. To come up with unspoiled countermeasures, it involves a rigorous process of risk analysis where realizable risk or hazard s are to be studied. Conducting intensive reviews and revisions of the previous emergency plans, and inventory of resources that are needed to carry out the emergency action successfully are also done at this phase. The next step is the formulation of well designed operational plans which will be operated during the onset, upon impact, and after the occurrence of the disaster. Conducting public awareness campaign (i.e drills, an introduction of busy systems) so that the people will know how to react promptly and effectively during emergency situations, and pieces of training for organized emergency teams that will respond directly during the emergency. Mitigation phase involves the application of some countermeasures to deflect the possible damages when a disaster occurs. This is usually done by construction of appropriate defense systems to locations where the hap of the occurrence of a disaster is high. Some examples of mitigation approach are digging big canals and originatio n of a proper drainage system to places where floods are likely to occur. It also involves strict implementations of laws and guidelines for acquiring permits to contrasting construction companies to ensure the safety of the structures to be built (i.e checking the level of the structures resistance to possible disaster). Response phase is the proper application of emergency operational plans designed in preparedness phase and deployment of the resources that suit the need in order to preserve life and property within the community during the impact of the disaster. It involves the provision of relief goods, medical assistance, providing shelter or evacuation sites, conducting search and rescue mission. The Emergency Management team should act responsibly to evaluate the amount of damage, conduct the inventory of resources from time to time, seek out mutual emergency aid when required, and should remain in contact with the victims to attain their needs. A composition of reports of the number of casualties affected, in equipment casualty of death, injured, and valid estimates of the actual cost of the damage caused. Recovery is the most crucial part, the bigger the damage, the harder the recovery will be, this is true in developing countries. Reconstruction of damaged structures, construction of new residential sites, repairs of damaged acid facilities (i.e roads, bridges, railway systems.)

Dorothy and the Tree Essay Example for Free

Dorothy and the Tree EssayDorothy and the Tree A Lesson in Epistemology Stanley Fish discusses how we in society base our lives off of assumptions. Using the example of Dorothy and the tree, Fish is able to show how with our assumptions, we as hoi polloi categorize others and things into what we believe to be correct. Whether or not we have actually taken the time to exercise out if we are right is irrelevant.He notes that we should just keep trying to expand our sense of us as far as we can, so we can avoid judgments and isolating ourselves from the rest of society. even off though Dorothy realizes her mistake, she doesnt realize that it is not a failure, but her consciousness assuming the classification of things in the world. Fish later on defines thought as the structure that at once enables perception, importation that within categories things emerge, limiting perception and nothing can allow one to see everything because that is Gods job.Fish uses many Bible allusions to create justification for his assertions. He uses Genesis 126, and Pauls road to Damascus to show that people can be persuaded to change their placement of things in society. disdain all of his valid points, Fish states that it is nearly impossible for one to change just on realizations. He believes it takes practice to accept the fact that there are things that we cannot comprehend because there is no limit on the conceptual trappings of society.

A Long Way Gone Essay Example for Free

A Long sort Gone EssayImagine being a tenuous well respected kid into a cruel boy at such a new-made age. Interacting with people that you do not even know in your life that has an intention of just cleaning can be difficult for a young boy. Beahs harsh actions were displayed in his memoir, Along Way Gone. Ishmael Beah proved that he lost his innocence by letting the proves turn him into a murder, by getting convinced that violence is the solution to everything, and by relying on drugs to ease the pain he was suffering. Beah was manipulated by rebels into becoming a nonstop murder. The rebels really get under his skin and brainwashed him into fighting in wars. He ends up coming across an early(a) rebel group that he surrounds with the other kids and the other rebel kids looks familiar to him because he thinks they were the group who killed his family.Beah gets angry and angrier, so when the lieutenant gave orders, I shot as m any as I could, but I didnt feel better revenge takes oer him and has an outburst (pg. 122). Beah had encountered, a few rebels after a long gunfight and a lot of civil casualties. We undressed the prisoners and tied them until their chests were tight as drums and tortured the rebels that the kids captured (pg.123). Beah is a murder and has no sympathy for any harm he does. Beah inserted violence and killing into his life at such a young age. The rebel group manipulated Beah by convincing him, my squad is my family, my gun was my provider and protector, and my rule was to kill or be killed and does not think otherwise.

Disaster Recovery Plan Essay Example for Free

possibility Rec all overy excogitation Essay mishaps produce become an inevitable part of descentes and organizations as strong. They not wholly have a major effect on craft and organizational pertinacity they besides effect to an overhaul in organizational operational mechanisms (Awasthy, 2009). It is for this reason that more organizations and business resort to preparing business tenaciousness proposes and misadventure recovery plans that ordain facilitate better chance watchfulness in future. Effective chance recovery plans be important to every business and organization (Thejendra, 2008).This is a disaster recovery plan is prep atomic number 18d for Bain Company. This plan establishes goals, objectives and programs for the handling threats and natural disasters. The plan lead provide a framework for recovery by anticipating future threats and disasters within or around the organization. It volition be aimed at considering the security and apology of the business staff and its clients. It allow also fix that there is a reduced amount of business intermission that disasters are usually associated with. Examples of disasters that may occur within the business are natural disasters much(prenominal) as tsunamis, hurricanes, earthquakes, among others terrorist threats, assail glide paths, strikes and civil riots, pom-poms, among others (Thejendra, 2008).Bain CompanyBain Company is a business consulting plastered that works with many executives from different organizations to assist and aid them in making proficient decisions, actualize these decisions and enhance business sustainability. Its principal(prenominal) objectives accommodate enhancing business ideas into viable actions to have a paradigm shift in business management and enhance innovations and technologies into business trading operations. With over 48 offices in 31 countries worldwide, it is a global entity with an edge over the rest.Disaster Recovery Plan for Bain CompanyThe Disaster Recovery Plan that result give interview of how disaster recovery leave behind be through, the responsibilities of each actor, and recovery measures that willing be taken in case of occurrence of disasters. The plan will also include the sen test go measures or proposals for better rubber techniques (Menken and Blokdjik, 2010).Confidentiality StatementThis document will re of import the property of Bain Company and shall not be duplicated or precondition out under any circumstance reliant on the fact that the type of information in the plan is endemic to Bain Company.Document DistributionEvery member of the management and planning team will keep copies of the manual plan. Distribution will be kept in track by the Disaster Management Board of Bain Company.Plan Objectives To hold that the safety and protection of all the employees and customers of the unbendable is enhanced in case of disasters To ensure that business continuity of Bain Company is enhanced without much intermission. To ensure that information is well handled and controlled during the disaster recovery process. To consider alternative courses of action that will be used in the cudgel case scenario.Recovery StrategiesThese are the measures that Bain Company should implement in order to enhance business continuity and avoid rapid losses (Thejendra, 2008). It should have a computing system of business and sloshed records. This will ensure that data backup is enhanced and therefore during disasters business records of Bain Company still available. This will ensure that the business operations continue to run hard-hittingly.The firm should also consider establishing an external facility that will house them in case the building they were housed in previously is destroyed. This will also ensure that the operations of Bain Company continue to run smoothly without breaks (Thejendra, 2008).The management of Bain Company should ensure that the firm runs un der insurance. Insuring the firms activities will ensure that the firm is able to make up for the lost equipment, furniture as well as data. Consequently, it will make sure that Bain Company does not run at a loss when trying to replace these items (Awasthy, 2009).Disaster Plan Declaration tout ensemble efforts of the firm are aimed at establishing and developing an active and cyclic planning process and document that will foster innovation and engineering and that will ensure that the disaster recovery process is participatory, up to date and periodly to meet the objectives of Bain Company. judging of securitySecurity measures to be input into the firm to boost disaster recovery process include establishing firm registry in bomb proof vaults that will shield the firms documents and data from disasters such as terrorist attacks. Such will ensure that the records of the firm are not tampered with and as such the family is able to run business without fundamental data loss (Menke n and Blokdjik, 2010).The company can also ensure the installment of fire extinguishers and fire exit doors within the firms premises to execute better channels of voiding during fire outbreaks. In addition, smoke detectors and alarms should also be installed to signify and attain warnings in case of such.Establishing access codes to data registries is another security measure that the firm can uphold. This will ensure that confidential data and information is only managed by a certain level of management. In addition, during threats such as civil unrests or riots data will be managed effectively (Thejendra, 2008). Potential disaster scenarios and methods of dealing with the disasterPotential disasters that Bain Company may be faced with include fire, bomb or terrorist attacks, dangerous and threatening situations such as riots or attacks, hurricane, tornadoes and earthquakes, among others (Awasthy, 2009).Fire preparednessIn case of a fire the employees should report immediately to the nearest fire department office in the area give out the Incident Commander or Departmental Manager available during that time. If it is a small fire, the person should try extinguishing it using the fire extinguishers available. If it is a large fire, the person should vacate the building and make no attempts to put it out. Once the Incident Commander is on scene, the decision on evacuation will be made. The alarms should be set on so that other employees can be notified of the events going on in the firm. Evacuation should then be made possible by security personnel or evacuation team present. The employees should be warned not to use the lifts or elevators during a fire misadventure. Employees should also assemble in areas designated for fire assembly (Menken and Blokdjik, 2010).Bomb/ Terrorist attack PreparednessIn case of a notification of bomb or terrorist attack in the firm the first step should be to notify law of nature departments immediately. The attack or threa t should then be communicated to the Manager and Incident Commander who will organize for evacuation of the building premises. Other departmental heads and members of other firms within the same building should also be notified (Menken and Blokdjik, 2010). breakneck Attacks and Threatening SituationsThese may include hostage situations, dealing with armed robbers and strikes and riots from employees. In such situations, one of the employees who is immaterial the building at such a time should be notified so that they can notify the police departments of the problem. The security personnel of the building where the firm exists should also be notified. If possible, an effort should be made to envision the motive of these people and thus come to an agreement with them (Menken and Blokdjik, 2010).Disaster Recovery ProceduresThese are the steps that will guide the whole plan and will be implemented in case a disaster occurs. This process will encompass setting and establishing of a set of laws and disciplines that will guarantee business operations to continue without intermissions (Awasthy, 2009). first base, there will be need to set up a planning mission that will foresee the establishment of programs to be done in case of a disaster. The plan should be able to oversee all actions and implementary measures necessary.The next step is risk assessment. This is important so that the management of the firm is able to quantify risk levels against the firm from potential disasters. It will also guide the implementation of safety measur es in the firm (Thejendra, 2008).There would be need to establish and define recovery modes and strategies. These are the strategies that the firm would adopt in case a disaster such as a fire hit them. It would define who will be liable for doing a particular activity, how they will do it and the time allocation for each activity.Furthermore, the preparation and documentation of the formulated plan of action will be done. This will be important because it will enable every member of staff to have the document, get change to it and internalize it so that they are well prepared in case a disaster occurs. Plan documentation is also important for review it and alteration from time to time (Thejendra, 2008).Consequently, alternative courses of action and a verification criterion is developed. They are important because they give the firm other actions to carry out or work with in case the original plan doesnt fit the needs of the firm at that moment. They will hence enable business continuity (Thejendra, 2008).Finally, plan implementation is the last step in the Disaster Recovery Procedure. This is where the planning team will be able to implement the proposals and courses of action that they have developed in the formulated plan.Incident resolution TeamThis is a team of experts who will be included in the emergency response strategy prepared for the disaster recovery plan. They include initiative aid teams, fir e control teams, security personnel, supplies teams and service teams (Menken and Blokdjik, 2010).Mission StatementThe Bain Company Incident answer Team will support the operations of the firms resources through the provision of quality, fast and effective response to disasters (natural and manmade) and threats that face the business and adequate response training through research and innovation.Declaration in all human efforts will be geared towards ensuring that the safety, protection and security of all employees and data of the Bain Company are at peak during disaster recovery. It will be the priority of the Incident reply Team to ensure that the sustainability of business operations of Bain Company is enhanced. Organizational structure of the Incident Response TeamThe Incident Response Team shall have the following an incident command center, planning team, logistics team, operations team and finance team. picProposed cyberspace ArchitectureThe proposed network architectu re will involve a computerized back up system for the company that will back up all the data. All the company data will be stored in a backup system that is rigid and devoid of any disaster in an area that is outlying(prenominal) from the normal company.The arrows in the above diagram show how data is collected from the branch offices of the company to the main office. The data is then collected and backed up in the facility for quick recovery.Roles and responsibilitiesThe team theater director is the person that is accountable of all the actions that the Incident Response Team is tasked to do. The manager is the administrator in oecumenical of all the personnel in the team. The Planning team is creditworthy for charting up a plan of how the incident team will operate. The Logistics team inclusive of Intrusion Analysts identifies the actual intrusion point of the disaster in the firms operations.In addition, business resource planners are responsible for mobilization of resources within the firm to ensure interruption of operations is minimal. The operations team will include security personnel responsible for raising ken and warnings, maintaining order and evacuation supervision fire control team is responsible for firefighting activities First Aid team responsible for providing basic and advanced first aid to injured people, if any supplies teams for providing sanitation and medical supplies, food, and blanket supplies service teams offer transport, shelter and vital records management. The Public Advisory Manager is responsible for relaying information about the disaster within the firm and also to the press and general public cultivation flow and methods of communicationInformation flow within the Incident Response Team should be done through the Public Advisory Committee. They should also answer all general public concerns regarding the disaster that the business has encountered. Any information that is trickled out of the firm should be handled care fully to prevent creating unnecessary tension. It should also be handled through a solitary source to prevent distortion of information. The Public Advisory Committee will determine methods of communication such as hourly announcements via public address systems or through the media so that the general public can be aware as well.Services provided by the IRTThe Incident Response Team provides the following services such as training the staff of the business to instill in them practicable and viable skills of coping with disasters when they occur. In addition it should offer drilling exercises that will improve awareness of how to act in case disasters such as fires happen to occur (Menken and Blokdjik, 2010).Authority and reporting proceduresAll authority runs back to the Team Manager or Incident Commander. He is responsible for relaying all commands regarding how activities and procedures will be done within the Incident Response Team. All procedures and administrative actions shou ld have a top-down approach.ConclusionDisaster Recovery Plans are important because they help the organization chart out a way forward when encountering natural or manmade disasters. They should be effective, efficient and up to date to keep up with the organizational trends taking shape in the world today.ReferencesAwasthy, A. (2009). Disaster Management Warning Response and federation Relocation. New Delhi Global India Publications Menken, I. and Blokdijk, G. (2010). Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity It Planning, Implementation, Management and Testing of Solutions and Services Workbook sulphur Edition. Brisbane Emereo Pty Limited Thejendra, B. S. (2008). Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity A Quick Guide for Small Organizations and busy Executives. London IT Governance Ltd

Columbine Shooting Essay Example for Free

Columbine Shooting EssayColumbine high school was reinforced in 1973 on a dirt alley off a larger dirt road way out in horse country. It was named after the flower that blankets section of the Rockies. Hardly anybody lived near the school, notwithstanding soon enough there were about 100,000 new arrivals that filled one continuous suburb with no t feature center no main street, no town hall, town library, or town name. Littleton is what they called this hush up suburb where columbine lied several miles west from. Eric and Dylan called it Judgment Day. Monday, April 19th was the day columbine would interrupt with an explosion killing hundreds of students and faculty.Eric read instructions to create bombs from the internet called The Anarchist Cookbook. The first step was to fix a bomb near Erics house, three miles from the school. That bomb could kill hundreds of muckle only was intend for only stones and trees. The attack was to begin with a decoy that would rock the neig hborhood and divert police. There political program was separated in three fares. The first act would start with a massive explosion by using two bombs in the commons, which would sire about six hundred students killed.The bombs would wipe out intimately of the lunch crowd and set the school ablaze. The bombs would be set out for maximal killing rundle and would be planted near two thick columns supporting the second floor which would collapse after exploding. After the explosion, Eric and Dylan would start firing their weapons at whoever they see in sight. Each had a backpack and duffle bag bag to carry more weapons and explosives. There next step was to have bombs planted in their own cars in the school parking plug near the school exits that would detonate forty five transactions after the initial blast.The cars were placed near the ideal locations for police command, emergency medical staging, and news vans. The maximum body count they were planning on would be nearly 2 ,000 students, cocksure 150 faculty and staff, plus who tell aparts how many police, paramedics, and journalists. The bombs Eric and Dylan planted in the school had failed to explode, nevertheless that didnt stop them from going in and fountain fire. They took pipe bombs and threw them wherever they saw a big crowed and opened fire to anyone they saw.They both had trench coats on and Eric discarded his trench coat at the top of the stairs almost as soon as he began shooting. Dylan kept his on until he got to the library. Each costume change created another shooter that would postpone the students and faculty. Nate was a friend of Erics and seen something peculiar. He saw Eric walk into the building from the wrong parking lot at the wrong time, when he should have been walking out. Nate figured Eric and Dylan were up to something since he knew they had both been miss that morning.At this point students were running for their lives and finding classrooms they could hide in. no o ne really knew who the shooters were and didnt know why they were doing such an attack. Even though Eric and Dylan were shooting whoever they find in sight, they were mainly looking for people with white hats on. People who wore the white hats at school were the jocks. Eric and Dylan had frameted suicide once they saw resign halls and when the school looked abandoned. Before they shot themselves, the officers had discovered files on the boys.The cops had twelve pages from Erics website, spewing hate and threatening to kill. Dylan white avens Klebold was born brilliant. He started school a year early, and by third grade he was enrolled in the CHIPS program which stood for Challenging High Intellectual Potential Students. Even among the brains, Dylan stood out as math prodigy. tomcat and Sue were Dylans parents. His father couldnt see his boy as the killer, saying this was not my son. Dylans service was done quietly with just fifteen people including, friends, family and clergy.Th e Klebolds were afraid to bury Dylan because his grave would be defaced. It would become and anit-shrine, so they cremated his body and kept the ashes in the house. Eric Dutro was evolving inside and the changes began to show in his sophomore year. affectionate status was important to Eric as he always made friends. People described Eric as nice, polite, preppy and a dork, but in sophomore year, he tried an edgier look with combat boots and all black outfits. He was breaking out of his shell and grew boisterous, moody, and aggressive. Eric was neither normal nor insane, he was a psychopath.He killed for two reasons to try his superiority and to enjoy it. Psychopaths are distinguished by two characteristics. The first is a ruthless overleap for others they will defraud, maim, or kill for the most trivial personal gain. The second is an astonishing gift for disguising the first. Its the deception that makes them so dangerous. You never see him coming (its usually a him more than 8 0 percent are male. ) Dont look for the oddball creeping you out. Psychopaths dont act like Hannibal Lecter or Norman Bates.They come off like Hugh Grant, in his most adorable role. (Cullen, 240) Psychopaths grow great personal pride in their deceptions and extract tremendous joy from them. Lies become the psychopaths occupation. The truth does work, but they lie for fun. I have read stories about columbine before but reading this book has really enlightened me on such details that actually happened in this event. I didnt know that there were bombs involved in this massacre until I read the book. Columbine was organize and well planned by high school students.Eric and Dylan planned this for nearly a year and one-half so they knew what they were doing. They made home video tapes saying their good-byes to their parents and apologizing to them about the trouble the columbine shooting magnate cause them. So they knew at some point they were going to either be killed or commit suicid e. This impacted me because as it said in the book, the people who do these devastating events can be friends of exploit and I wouldnt even know it. They are people who act good to the public eye, but also have hidden secrets behind closed doors.I cant imagine individual that is close to me going through this kind of tragedy. The question that was brought to mind was why would someone do this? why would two kids want to kill hundreds of people? What was the reason? Was it video games? Was it depression? Was it because they were being bullied and wanted requital? Was it because they were psychotic? I believe they had all of these problems. They were psychotic, Eric did have depression and was taking depression pills for it, and they might have been aiming for jocks because they were bullied by them.

Token Economies Essay Example for Free

Token Economies EssayA minimum rescue is a demeanor modification program based on operative conditioning principles. Token economies argon approximatelytimes successfully utilize in institutional settings, such as schools and psychiatric hospitals. People retrieve tokens for desirable behaviors such as getting out of bed, washing and cooperating. These tokens can be ex interpolated for rewards such as going for leave on hospital grounds, TV-watching time or exchange in the hospital shop for cig bettes or snacks. In a study carried out by Burchard and Barrera (1972) using a token economy scheme designed for the rehabilitation of mildly ment exclusivelyy ill young boys who displayed a senior high school frequency of anti-social behaviour. Tokens were mostly earned through achievement in the workshop and were exchanged for a categorisation of rewards, such as meals, recreational trips, clothes or purchases. A time-out procedure was also adoptive where boys had to sit on a bench shag a partition, hence having time out from cosmos able to receive reinforcers also a response cost procedure was employed during which reinforcers were re go forwardd, thus tokens were removed. sentence out and deprivation of tokens occurred following swearing, personal assault, property damage or other undesirable behaviour, it was comprise that these things repressed the boys bad behaviour, and in somewhat boys iodin technique might be much in effect(p) than another. Behaviour modification is being applied to a whole variety of what are traditionally considered disturbed behaviours with good results.The main practicable difficulties are being able to find suitable reinforcers and to practice the techniques constantly. some critics devour suggested that behaviour modification may succeed in changing behaviours but not the processes that underlie them, and also that it could be used to teach that behaviour which best fits the demands of the institution rathe r than that which is in the individuals best interest. Using a Token economy system within an institution make ups many difficulties, as staff have to ensure that reinforcement and removal of tokens must be consistent and done constantly. all told staff, be it day or night have to be fully involved, they also have to go out their roles fully for such a programme to work. It only requires one staff member to break away at their task for the speciality of the programme to fail. Organising and carrying out such a scheme requires time and effective planning, it is an expensive and time consuming way to change behaviour, if some staff are not affiliated to the programme then it is likely fail. There is also no attempt to address the cause behind why the children are trouble makers, and what might be a more dignified way of component them.Who decides what is or is not acceptable behaviour, the staff within the institution not the individual children themselves. Such a scheme could b e open to unlimited abuse. It is no coincidence that in some closed environments of hospitals and homes some staff members have been caught physiologically and psychologically abusing defenceless people, a perfective moral is that of Winterbourne hospital transcend by the Castlebeck group which featured on BBCs Panorama programme 31 May 2011 (http//www.bbc.co.uk/ tidings/uk-20070437) a reporter went undercover and filmed shocking abuse carried out on the residents of the home. Following the investigation a number of staff have been charged and arrested for the abuse of vulnerable clients whilst in their care.Eye impetus Desensitization and ReprocessingA fairly new therapy is Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), developed by Francine Shapiro in 1987, is a method that some therapists use to distribute problems such as post traumatic melodic phrase disorder, panic attacks and more recently phobias. This treatment is a type of exposure therapy in which clients m ove their eyes back and forth while recalling memories that are to be desensitized. Many critics of EMDR claim that the treatment is no disparate from a standard exposure treatment and that the eye movements do not add to the effectiveness of the procedure. The treatment is fairly complex and intromits elements from several different schools of therapy.The most unusual part of the treatment involves the therapist waving his or her fingers back and forth in front of the clients eyes, and the client tracking the movements while focusing on a traumatic event. The act of tracking while concentrating seems to allow a different take aim of processing to occur. The client is often able to review the event more calmly or more completely than before.Strengths of the Behaviour ApproachThe major strength of the behavioural speak to is that some disorders especially phobias do seem to be a result of faulty learning. The behavioural approach is better than the biological approach at pardon ing some disorders such as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, which is an anxiety disorder that occurs in response to an extreme psychological or physical association. At least some sufferers show anxiety reactions to stimuli which were present at the time of the trauma. A main strength of the behaviourist eyeshot has been the development of useful applications. matchless strength of the behaviourist approach is that it has successfully applied classical and operant conditioning to its theories.Systematic desensitisation is based on classical conditioning and is useful for treating phobias. Another strength of the behaviourist approach is that it uses scientific methods of research, which are objective, measurable and observable, such as Banduras bobo doll study of aggression. The behavioural approach offers very practical ways of changing behaviour from for example therapies through to advertising. However at the same time this does salary increase an ethical issue as if the beha viourist perspective is able to control behaviour who decides which behaviour should be controlled or changed.Weaknesses of the Behaviour ApproachThe behaviourist approach to understanding abnormality is very reductionist as it reduces explanations for behaviour to simple reward and punishment. While some behaviours such as the learning of phobias, may be explained this way, there are many abnormal behaviours that seem to be passed on genetically, for example alcoholism, autism and schizophrenia and so it is difficult to explain them solely in terms of classical or operant conditioning. Similarly there are many disorders, for example depression, that seem to feature abnormal levels of neurotransmitters and so a biological explanation may be more sensible than a simple behaviourist one. behaviourism can explain the role of the media in the acquisition of certain abnormal behaviours. Anorexia has long been linked with the perfect body image as portrayed in the media. People may learn to be anorexigenic through social learning by observing models and actresses, reading about the diets they are on, and copying the behaviour they see. The majority of research into classical and operant conditioning has been conducted on wights. Aside from the possible ethical implications of animal research, there is also the issue of generalising findings from one species and applying them to another.Assumptions have to be made that at least some human physiology and psychology is the same as animal physiology and psychology, but clearly humans are different to animals. The behaviourist approach is extremely determinist because it states that a behaviour that has been reinforced will be carried out, and one that has been punished will not be carried out. However, humans clearly have a degree of save will and are able to decide when to carry out some behaviours and when to resist them. Cognitive theories of behaviour try to account for free will and decision making, and so it m ay be better to commix behaviourist and cognitive approaches when trying to explain abnormal behaviour.A further problem with the behavioural perspective is that many of the practical uses of the approach such as aversion therapy and token economy systems when used as a way of changing behaviour do tend to be short lived. That is, they do change behaviour but often only for a limited time. The behaviourist model also struggles to explain why we acquire phobias for some objects or events quicker than others. In a modern world, fast cars, frigid conditions and using a mobile whilst crossing the road are far more threatening than spiders and snakes but we dont develop car phobia.The Biological ModelThe biological model aims to explain all behaviour and experience in terms of physical bodily processes. For example, when you feel stressed this usually involves a sensation of your heart pounding, your palms being sweaty and so on. These are physical symptoms created by activation of the awkward system. Your experience of stress is caused by the biological processes involved. The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and the involuntary nervous system (ANS), which is further subdivided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches. The central nervous system comprises the brain and spinal cord, containing about 12 billion nerve cells or neurons.It explains behaviour in terms of the following assumptions1. dissimilar areas of the brain are specialised for certain functions, the cerebral cerebral cerebral cortex covers the surface of the brain and is responsible for higher(prenominal) cognitive functions. The cerebral cortex is divided into four lobes with the most important being the frontal cortex or lobe, responsible for ne motor movement and thinking. Other lobes include the occipital lobe, which is associated with vision. Underneath the cortex there are various sub cortical structures such as the hypothalamus which integrates the autonomic nervous system and plays a part in stress and emotion.2. Neurons are electrically excitable cells that form the basis of the nervous system. The exibility of the nervous system is enhanced by having many branches at the end of each neuron called dendrites, so that each neuron connects with many others. One neuron communicates with another neuron at a synapse, where the meaning is relayed by chemical messengers or neurotransmitters. These neurotransmitters are released from presynaptic vesicles in one neuron, and will either stimulate or inhibit receptors in the other neuron. The synaptic cleft or gap is about 20 nanometres wide. Some common neurotransmitters are dopamine which is associated with rewards and also schizophrenia, serotonin associated with sleep and arousal, adrenal glandine associated arousal and gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA) which decreases anxiety.3. Hormones are biochemical substances that are produced in one part of the body (endocrine glands such as the pituitary and adrenal glands) and circulate in the blood, having an effect on target organ(s). They are produced in large quantities but vaporize very quickly. Their effects are slow in comparison with the nervous system, but very powerful. Examples of hormones include testosterone (a male hormone) and oestrogen (female hormone). Some hormones such as adrenaline are also neurotransmitters.The biological approach has become the most widely used form of treating mental illness since the 1960s. The biological model takes the same approach as it does for physical ailments, and assumes that psychological problems have a physical cause such as genetics where the patient may have inherited the illness from his parents or run in the family, maybe through a rouge or bad gene. The model takes the approach as with other illnesses that physical intervention will be required be it chemotherapy (drug therapy), ECT (electroconvulsive therapy) and previously surgery to treat psychological issues. Although the biological model focuses on internal, biological processes, it does not ignore the possibility that the environment can have a role to play in abnormality.Biological TherapiesBiomedical therapies include chemotherapy (drug therapy), electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and psychosurgery.Chemotherapy (drug treatment)The most widely used form of treatment available under biological therapies is chemotherapy (drugs) with almost 25% of NHS prescriptions being for drugs to treat mental disorders in the United Kingdom. It aims to treat psychological disorders with medications and is usually combined with other kinds of psychotherapy. The main categories of drugs used to treat psychological disorders are antianxiety drugs, antidepressants, and antipsychotics.

Product Summary Essay Example for Free

Product Summary EssayThe commercialisation of the internet proves to be a major opportunity of for trading organizations in the global argonna. It should be state that this technology has allowed the creation of new business model where companies can become more efficient and try more revenue by establishing online presence. The internet has become a venue where sellers and buyers meet for purchases.Some business organizations have opted to augment their brick and mortar strategies by having online outlets while still others have opted to solely operate online. maybe three of the most successful business organizations which utilized the advancement of internet technology are retail merchants bid eBay, Amazon, and Walmart. All these industry players have gained the reputation of being the top in internet retailing some(prenominal) in the number of visitors and the amount of sales generated. If I am given the chance to be a competitor of these giant retailers, I will utili ze the individual strengths which they display while staying away from their weaknesses. In order to avoid direct competition from these already established players, I will specialize supply to a small segment instead of going after the whole market. This will help me in building the right image for the keep party and establishing public awareness for the product and service that I would offer. eBay represents nonpareil of the purest market in the world today where buyers and sellers can directly transact with each other. The website is a very(prenominal) good place to buy products because buyers and sellers can negotiate on the price, payment, and other service. However, I believe that an online retailer should have a fixed price and rules when dealing with its customers. Before entering a transaction, the customer should be adequately informed on the price which is most acceptable in the exchange of product and service. The makeup of a fixed system of payment, delivery, and price will eliminate the necessity of having to answer queries for each customer when they find details to be unclear. However, I will consider the user-friendly and frequently upgraded website of the company in order to attract buyers. Amazon is remarkable because of its being purely an online entity. What I will adopt with this company is its system of recording customers details which they can use in their future purchases. I believe that this is a very much essential value-added feature because it really makes customer more convenient as they tire outt need to type information again and again. Amazon should also be applauded for its customers reviews which aids prospective buyers in making their purchase decisions. I will integrate this when putting up an online retailing entity. Walmart is cognize as the market leader when it comes to price and quality. The company also extends this in its website which showcases all its affordable products. The website of the company is ver y extensive almost comprising its entire product line which it has in store. What I like intimately Walmart is the warmth of experience even in online shopping. Customer service is still very remarkable and agreeable both in its outlet and its online store. This consistency makes shopping very relaxing in an online marketspace where customer emotions are not often considered.ReferencesKotler, P 2002, Marketing Management, Prentice Hall New Jersey

Organisational functions Essay Example for Free

Organisational functions Essay any organisations require resources to carry out their functions. One way of judging the success of a business is to equalize the resources it uses with the value of the product that results.Resources of the business.One way of considering the resources used by a business is to classify them into factors of production. The main(prenominal) factors of production are capital, labour and land.Capital-refers to any manufactured product used by the business to film products. This category therefore includes all machinery, vehicles and office equipment used in businesses. Labour-is the human resource used by business organisations during production. It refers to the input of physical or mental activity by employees.Land-in the context of this classification is not only the site on which the business is located , but also all the natural resources it competency use.The functions of business.All businesses combine factors of production as an essential p art of their production activities. To combine these factors, to engage in production and to achieve their objectives organisations undertake a number of functions. The major business functions includeFinance output signalHuman resourcesMarketingAdministrationResearch and development.Finance.A separate department normally carries out the pay function of the business. The finance department carries out a number of key activities.These are summarised in the diagrams beside. payoffProduction covers all the activities that must be undertaken to make firms products.Human resources.In modern businesses, human resources precaution is now taking on the role previously carried out by personnel caution. There is a very clear distinction between personnel steering and human resource management.Personnel management considers the tasks involved in managing people-recruitment, selection and so fourth as separate elements.Human resource management (HRM) elevates the effective use of a busines ss labour

Samoa Islands Essay Example for Free

Samoa Islands attemptSamoa is a group of islands located in the south pacific, approximately halfway between New Zealand and Hawaii. It consists of dickens main islands, Upolu and Savaii. Samoa is well-known for its natural beauty and landscape. Samoa is very much a tourist destination. Tourists are attracted to the intemperate commitment to sport, Samoan cuisine, Samoan lifestyle, natural attractions, and traditional aspects such as tattooing and ceremonial occasions. Although, on the contrary, Samoa has macroscopical disadvantages for being located in the pacific region as natural disasters are a reoccurrence in its history. The most recent being the 2009 Tsunami, killing approximately 200 people. The Samoan reputation has also recently become corrupted because of unsettling between Samoans and Tongans. Although this is news to Australians, this conflict between Samoa and Tonga has a long history canful it.organized religionSamoa is mostly a Christian country. The law is very much based on Christian ethics and churches are located in every village. The most common denominations are EFKS, Mormonism, Catholicism and aggregation of God. Only recently are modern churches such as Pentecostal Christian churches and even Muslim. Religion is very much apart of Samoan culture, and practiced within the family unit.SportSamoans enjoy lots of sports, for poser popular sports include volley ball, touch footy, cricket and rugby union. Samoans have had teams compete in the community Games they have won gold medals for weightlifting and bronze medal in athletics. Samoans also have a successful national rugby team, Manu Samoa, who won the Rugby Sevens last year.TattoosThe traditional Samoan tattooing is called the pea, the clay tattoo. Originally, the pea was only tattooed on those Samoans with a matai title, which is a chief role where they are named representatives of their families or villages. So the matai title was traditionally extremely respected within t he Samoan culture.

Death and a King’s Horseman and All My Sons Essay Example for Free

shoemakers last and a great powers Horseman and All My Sons EssayComp are the ways in which Soyinka in Death and a Kings Horseman and miller in All My Sons present Elesin and Keller? How outlying(prenominal) would you agree that the per word of honoral tragedy of each protagonists remainder is little grievous than the annihilate of their sons? Soyinka and miller shape the protagonists by their presentations of their voice using different style and enjoyment of setting heathen context which presents their different responsibilities and duties exposing their character. The different presentations of the characters determine how the auditory sense connect with the protagonists. Elesin and Kellers deceases are climatic points in the play, with their sons demises too being pivotal acting as catalysts for the protagonists death which cause the protagonists to acknowledge their fatal flaws. The different purposes of the protagonists suicides, made unembellished also by the protagonists presented characters, determine whether the tragedy of their death is more important than the death of their sons.The setting and cultural context of each of the plays a profound role in shaping the characters as the differing cultural context affects the characters duties and responsibilities which shape their presentations as characters. Though set in the selfsame(prenominal) time periods, the cultures differ between plays. Soyinkas Death and the Kings Horseman opens in Oyo, an superannuated Yoruba city in Nigeria, 1944, during British colonialism whereas All My Sons by Miller is set in the outskirts of an American townspeople just after the war in the late 1940s after world war two. Soyinka and Millers introductions of the culture and the setting at the beginning of the plays expose the protagonists individual characters. The monastical atmosphere on the outskirts of an American town in which All My Sons opens acts as a dramatic braid to show Kellers devotio n to his family by presenting him as sectioned off from wider society. Additionally, the closely planted poplars which adjourn the area act as a dramatic device to represent Kellers somewhat pin up minded principles and set values.Soyinkas portrayal of the culture and setting also presents Elesins character and nature. Soyinka invites the audition to the rich Yoruban culture through Elesins voice a man of enormous vitality who exposes the strike of the setting to the interview, thus revealing his lust for earthly pleasures. The smell of indigo on their cloth, this is the air I wish to breath portrays Elesins yearn for life. The use of evocative description of the setting and culture creates a picture of Elesins vibrant character. The authors use of language, which creates the characters voice, presents the protagonists differently and shapes the audiences reactions and feelings towards them in each play. Millers use of disjointed language such as whats goin, to create Kellers vo ice, presents him as an un-educated simple man. Though his incoherent language means the audience isnt enticed or fascinated by him, it presents him as an ordinary character, allowing the audience to connect with him on a personal level. The detail the audience is able to connect with Keller personally, because of his down to earth nature, means the audience are less sympathetic of his fatal flaw as Millers presentation of him causes the audience to be un-expectant of his down fall.Back in my day you were either a doctor or a attorney exposes Kellers myopic perspective of the world and strong attachment to his set values. Conversely, Soyinkas use of daedal language to create Elesins voice fascinates and captivates the audience, giving him high status as a character. Soyinka presents Elesin as an exuberant character fascinated by earthly pleasures. I become a monarch whose palace is built with tenderness and beauty. The flowing rhythm of his voice and the use of positive adjectiv es expose his wrath for life his fatal flaw as a character. Elesin speaks poetically in riddles such as when the dollar bill sniffs the stable does he non strain at the bridle? presenting him as articulate and expressive. He also uses metaphors to express his ideas such as youre like a jealous wife when talking to the Praise-Singer. This use of riddles and metaphors makes him sometimes difficult to understand presenting the idea he hides his fatal flaw by using his language to distract the praise singer from acknowledging his love for life which distracts him from his cultural duty.For example when the praise singer accuses Elesin of forgetting a long faithful mother of his children referring to his responsibilities to his culture, Elesin replies poetically saying when the horse sniffs at the stable does he not strain at the bridle?. However, his superior position makes it difficult for the audience to connect with him on a personal level. This augurs his downfall as a character as he later abandons his responsibilities to his culture by not committing to his duty of suicide. Because his fatal flaws are foreshadowed, when his downfall is eventually exposed it is expected by the audience thus they feel sympathy for him and his death is seen as an act of redemption.Both All My Sons and Death and a Kings horseman are structured with the climatic parts of the play at the end and use foreshadowing techniques throughout the plays to build up the tension and climax. In Death of a Kings Horseman Soyinka portrays Elesins fatal flaw his desire for earthly pleasures which distracts him from the responsibility of death to foreshadow his downfall as a character. Soyinkas use of language exposes Soyinkas desire for mortal pleasures. This merchandise is my roost foreshadows his inability to sacrifice his be devotion for life for the benefit for the people in his culture. Similarly, Miller uses foreshadowing techniques to prognosticate the revelation of Kellers mistakes. The broken tree which is a memorial for Larry acts as a dramatic device which foreshadows the end of Kellers familys ignorance to his mistake. The mother also foreshadows this by The different purposes within the narrative of the protagonists death affect their differing importances compared to the death of their sons which acts as a catalyst The point at which the fathers acknowledge their sons death is the pivotal point at which the protagonists accept their fatal flaws. In Death and a Kings Horseman, because the death of Elesin is presented as an act of redemption, in my opinion the tragedy of his death is more important than the death of his son When Kellers mistake of killing Larry is discovered he responds defensively to protect himself. The minute theres trouble you mother run out of strength suggests Keller attempts to direct the blame on to somebody else and deny his mistakes.The fact his death takes place as a result of his family shunning him suggests his intentions for his suicide are selfish, to protect himself from gloominess as his family is the only thing he values in life. This causes the audience to view his death as a cowardly act rather than an act of redemption from his mistakes. In my opinion this makes his suicide less important than the death of his son within the play which is the pivotal point of exposing Kellers faults as a character. On the contrary, Elesins intentional death is presented as an act of redemption. It is clear Elesin kills himself for the benefit of his culture as he has a duty to perform.The presentation of his cultural duties at the beginning of the play The hour at which he kills himself is more important than the death of his son as it is the pivotal point in the novel where his mistakes and flaws are redeemed by showing his loyalty to his culture. Therefore, although Kellers suicide seems less important than the death of his son as his suicide is merely a selfish act to protect him, Elesins intentional death i s an act of redemption, making it equally important as the death of his son.

Buildings and as we know trees had Essay Example for Free

Buildings and as we know trees had Essaydis woodwindation is the summons of clearing the forest by publishting charge feather the trees for fulfilling different indigences. Forest has a critical role in meeting mountains needs. Therefore people usually cut down the trees of the forest with out(p) having good knowledge. Indeed, run of undercoat really lend a big dishing to grow in economic. For example, exploit of record is for wider develop range, the lands is use to build house cast offs, buildings and as we know trees had a precise(prenominal) high demand all across the world so by selling the trees the process of developing in sur bet argona leave alone surely speed up non only the economic barely in sinless ability. On the other hand, exploit of lands in any case bring more jobs opportunities, as the buildings increased they had no resource to employ more worker. Although, these activities really did enhance our standard of support however, improper use of the resources leading case effects.see moretrees are our best friends essay in english pdfDeforestation has non of all time been a major problem, but since the early 1900s it has cause more and more of an issue. The percentage of rain-forest is declining since deforestation began. For example, near 70% of the area in Brazilian Amazon has been deforested (Butler, 2011). The direct causes of deforestation are agricultural working out, wood extraction (e.g., logging or wood harvest for domestic fuel or charcoal), and infrastructure expansion such as road building and urbanization, from this the disadvantages of deforestation can basically divide into 3 major effects which are climate change, decrease biodiversity through the destruction of habitat and natural disasters. initiative incompatible argueThe lands that been exploit can provide the materials for various industries. One of the easiest benefits of deforestation to spot is the economic ones. poke products are one of the almost staple constructive materials in human society. Whether it is raw lumber employ for making tables and houses, or paper and other wood by-products, we simply cannot live without the use of lumber. Through this process country will have more products to sell to foreign countries as well as local anaesthetic too. Forests are withal cleared in order to accommodate expanding urban areas with the worlds population growing by leaps and bounds, there is growing demand for land use for residential, agricultural and commercial purposes. Golf courses, resorts, housing projects, farms and so on have replaced some of the areas where there used to be forests (Jones, 2011), with this it can attract more foreign giftor and tourisms to invest and expand in our country which is a decent way to boosting the economic. 2rd counterAnother advantage of deforestation is its can create more jobs opportunity. The exploiting of lands mostly for commercial purpose which means increasing of transaction will also increase the demand of the workers. This is another benefit of deforestation it opens more job opportunities for people who would other be unemployed. These job opportunities are more than simply a humanitarian concept society at large would suffer if all of the people working in the wood industry were to suddenly hazard them jobless. This benefit of deforestation not only covers the people who cut down trees and process them, but also extends to the people who undress up aft(prenominal) them. For every patch of forest cut down, arable land becomes available for farmers, or can be used as an area to place urban living sites like apartments, houses, and buildings. The number of people employed by such a construction project is umteen and varied. Or, if the city/government mandates re set uping trees to replace the woolly ones, then jobs are also provided for those people who do the seeding after a patch of forest is stripped (Fiset, 2007).TransitionNotwith standing deforestation is effectively increase the economics of the country, however the unreasonable deforest bring umpteen series side effect to human. Deforestation stirs many things, it has ecological, environmental, atmospheric and hydrosphere impacts. When the blot is disturbed by deforestation natural carbon storage systems can be disturbed releasing large amounts of carbon dioxide into the air travel in one go. In areas like the itty-bitty developing island nations in the Pacific it can be disastrous as many endemic plant and animal species live here, and when land is deforested it disturbs soil causing landslides and disruption to the ecosystem.It also means species are hold to smaller habitats and usually move to higher more dangerous altitudes, some species cannot survive in these conditions and become endangered. It is also harmful to humans as the soil becomes too saturated due to less percolation from tree roots and it can cause higherrisks of flooding on these islands, which are usually very small. The surface runoff from the soil also can harm surrounding corals as the soils water runs out into the surrounding sea via rivers and streams. The soil then settles on the corals causing them to die. During the process it can block fishs gills. 1st Pro argumentsDeforestation is a major cause of climate change because it releases huge amounts of carbon into the atmosphere contributing to the greenhouse effect. Deforestation and forest degradation are both a cause and a result of climate change. Plants absorb carbon dioxide and use it to grow, but when they decay or burn, carbon dioxide is released again. Decaying plants also produce methane, a greenhouse gas more potent than carbon dioxide. So deforestation and forest degradation are doubly damaging, because greenhouse gases are released (e.g. through forest fires, or using the cut trees as firewood), while at the same time the number of carbon dioxide absorbing trees are reduced. xxx percent of the carbon dioxide added to the atmosphere over the past 150 years is thought to come from deforestation, but this is a small amount compared to what is still stored in forests. The Canadian and Russian boreal forests alone hold 40 percent of the worlds carbon stocks(deforestation, 2006). Most importantly, deforestation causes a lack of clean air. The lack of clean air plays a big role in many diseases and illnesses that plague this world. By a cosmic string of events, deforestation is responsible for those diseases and illnesses caused by breathing unclean air. Slash and burn agriculture which is one of the most important causes. It also known as swidden or shifting agriculture and it is a traditional method of tending domesticated crops that involves the rotation of some(prenominal) plots of land in a planting cycle.The farmer plants crops in a field for one or two seasons, and then lets the field lie fallow for several seasons. In the meantime, the farmer shifts to a field th at has lain fallow for several years, and removes the vegetation by cutting it down and burning ithence slash and burn. The ash from the burned vegetation adds another layer of nutrients to the soil, and that with the time resting allows the soil to regenerate. Slash and burn works best in low intensity agriculture, when the farmer has plenty of land that he or she can afford to let lay fallow and it works best when crops are rotated to assist in restoring thenutrients. It has also been documented in societies where people maintain a very broad diversity of food-generation that is, where people also hunt game, fish, and gather wild foods (Hirst, 2011).2rd proDeforestation does not only affect the climate. The world of academia takes a hard hit as the gene puddle is diminished by the extermination of many species of plants and animals as a result of deforestation. Possibilities of exploration are as good as dead with the rapid rate of deforestation. There are many species of plants that have the voltage to create medicines that can cure the ailments that there are no cures for at the moment. Deforestation can affect if we can cure such diseases such as AIDS. On a humorous note, those familiar with the occupant Evil franchise know about the virus that causes people to turn into zombies. Deforestation would destroy changes of creating a vaccine for that virus. There are many tribes that live in the forests and live somewhat isolated from society. They do not exploit the forest but cut enough wood to make a living. The non-indigenous people of the forest understand how important it is to preserve the forest and the resources it offers. Their livelihoods are cut short when people that exploit the forest for means of money are added to the equation (The effects of deforestation, 2008)Deforestation has many negative effects on the environment. The most dramatic impact is a loss of habitat for millions of species. Seventy percent of realms land animals and plants live in forests, and many cannot survive the deforestation that destroys their homes. The unique biodiversity of various geographic areas is being lost on a scale that is quite unprecedented. Even though tropical rainforest make up just 6 percent of the surface area of the Earth, about 80-90 percent of the intact species of the world exist here. Due to massive felling of trees, about 50 to 100 species of animals are being lost each day. The outcome of which is the extinction of animals and plants on a massive scale. The effects on animals is very heartbreaking. They not only lose their habitat and protective cover, they are pushed to extinction. Many beautiful creatures, both plants and animals have vanished from the face of the earth (Putatunda, 2011) Third proAnother Example which was lead by deforestation is natural disaster. The most often case we can find out are Floods and Drought. Forests are a life saver, as they absorb a large amount of the rainfall, thereby stopping it fr om entering the inhabited areas and rivers. The cutting down of trees leads to disruption in the regular flow of water, thus causing floods in some areas, while drought in other areas.For decades, the common perception in hydrology has been that deforestation in such areas made seasonal worker floods bigger on average, but had little effect on the number of large floods over times, in the interior regions of North America, many creeks and rivers get most of their flow from melting lead by the nose accumulated during winter storms in mountainous areas. How much water flows down these streams depends not only on how much snow falls upstream, but how fast the snow melts. But deforestation shines a new and glaring unobjectionable on this water source. While ordinarily the trees keep the melting under control by screen snow from the sunlight, as soon as you get rid of the trees, the snow melts faster (American Geophysical coupler (AGU), 2012)ConclusionIn the conclusion, the conseq uences are very unpleasant as every form of life on earth is interlinked with one another. Not only do animals lose their homes, but humans hooklike on the local ecology are also affected. The water cycle gets disturbed leading to floods and droughts. People dependent on the forests for their survival lose their livelihood. Global warming is another problem looming over our heads. The causes and its effects of this pestilential practice can be stopped to some extent, if we all do our bit towards the environment. Reduce emissions by avoiding use of cars and bikes indiscriminately.Make our factories more cleaner and monitor their emissions. Develop better ways of farming that help increase the yield without having an impact on the neighboring forest areas. Forest management and strict supervise of tree cutting should be carried out by various government and other nonprofit agencies. re-afforestation of lost areas and following sustainable practices will help us balance our green c over. Remember, trees give us life, without them it will be impossible to sustain life.